C A M B O U R N E, CORNWALL.
CAMBOURNE Churchtown lies four miles West of Redruth, twelve miles West of Truro, in the great Western road leading from Truro to the Land's End, nine miles North of Helstone, eleven miles North-east of Marazion, fourteen miles North-east of Penzance, eleven miles East of St. Ive's, all market-towns. It has three fairs annually, viz. March 7, June 29, and November 11; also a show for cattle on Whit-Tuesday. The buildings of Cambourne display both uniformity and elegance, the town has the finest land and sea prospects in the county, and is surrounded by many inclosures of rich and fertile pastures.—The following are the principal inhabitants.
GENTRY.
Kevill Thomas, Gent.
CLERGY.
Richards Rev. John
PHYSIC.
Keigwin James and Lanyon Tobias, Surgeons and Apothecaries
TRADERS, &c.
Budge John, Engineer
Budge Peter, Mercer
Hugoe Thomas, Tavern-keeper
Newton John, Tavern-keeper
Richards John, Mercer
Vivian and Paril, Mercers
Vivian Andrew and Co. Maltsters, &c.
S E A T S, V I L L A G E S, &c.
About a mile and a half South of the church-town is Pendarves, the family seat of John Stackhouse, Esq. Within the distance of half a mile North are the residences of William Harris, Esq. Josiah Cocke, Esq. and the Rev. John Vivian. Each of these three seats bears the name of Rosewarne.
About a mile South-east of the town is an old copper-mine called Dolcoath, lately stopped from working. It had one perpendicular shaft 172 fathoms, or 344 yards, in depth; the yearly expence of working it, for the last 21 years, amounted, on an average, to 20,000l. The adventurers gains, during that period, amounted in the whole to 80,000l. and upwards; and the dues of 1-12th of all the ores, paid to Sir Francis Basset, Bart. the lord, during the same period, amounted to 50,000l. About half a mile South-east is another valuable copper-mine, called Wheal Gons and Stray-park, now in working; this mine is on the estates of the Rev. Sir Carew Vivian, Bart. and Sir Francis Basset, Bart.
Treswithian, or Cornish Daws, a large village, about half a mile West; Barripper, a large village, about a mile to the South-west; and Penponds, another large village, about three quarters of a mile South-west, where is a free-school, endowed for ever, by the late Mrs. Grace Percival, of Pendarves, for instructing twenty poor children of the parish.
Between Cambourne and Redruth is the parish of lllogan, in which is Tehidy-park, a fine family seat of Sir Francis Basset, Bart. M. P. situate about three miles North-west of Redruth and two miles North of Cambourne; the parsonage is an elegant new-built house, one mile East of Tehidy-park, the residence of the Rev. John Basset, rector of lllogan and Cambourne, brother of Sir Francis Basset, Bart. The living of lllogan is computed to be worth upwards of 300l. per annum, and that of Cambourne 500l. per annum. In this parish is a copper-mine called Cook's Kitchen, adjoining the Eastern part of Dolcoath, on the estate of Sir Francis Basset, Bart. This mine has long been esteemed the richest in the county.
About four miles North-west of Redruth, and about four miles North of Cambourne, is Portreath, a sea-port, on the Bristol channel, where are imported great quantities of coal and timber for the use of the neighbouring mines; great quantities of copper ore are also exported. The firm of this port is Thomas Kevill and Co. principal agent Stephen Knight. Mr. James Edwards, one of the proprietors, resides here.
In the before-mentioned parish is Carne-Brea-Castle, a very ancient edifice, built on a rocky mountain, about one mile West of Redruth, supposed to be in the time of the Druids a place for the offering of sacrifice. It is the property of Sir Francis Basset, and has belonged to that family time immemorial.
About a mile and a half West of Redruth, is the village of Pool, through which is the great Western road. The principal residents are
Andrew John, Maltster.
Endey Henry, Innkeeper.
Hocking Mr. Charles.
Willoughby Mr. Shopkeeper.
About two miles and a half West of Redruth, and about one mile and a half East of Cambourne, in the great Western road, is the village of Tuckingmill. The principal inhabitants are
Burall Paul, Shopkeeper.
Burall Solomon, Mercer.
Hosking Thomas, Shopkeeper.
Crowan parish is about three miles South of Cambourne, in which is Clowance, an ancient family seat, the property and principal country residence of Sir John St. Aubyn, Bart. inclosed with a park-wall four miles in circumference, by the side of which is the great road from Cambourne to Helstone, being about six miles North of it. About one mile North of Clowance is Halgarrick, the family seat of William Richards, Esq, In this parish is the seat of the Rev. William Robinson, vicar of Crowan.
Gwinear parish is about three miles to the South-west of Cambourne, in which is Lanyon, the seat and residence of Richard Lanyon, Gent. near the Church-town. Carnhell, the residence of David Martin, Esq. (F.) Churchtown, John Faull, shopkeeper. The Rev. Malachi Hitchens, vicar of St. Hillary, near Marazion, is also vicar of Gwinear. Gwinear is about eight miles North East of the town of Marazion, and the great road leading from Redruth and Cambourne thither runs through the said parish.
Gwithian, a small parish about four miles North-west of Cambourne and about seven miles North-east of the borough of St. Ive's, is bounded on the North and North-west by a part of the Bristol channel, and forms a part of St. Ive's bay. The principal residents are, Mr. Rowland Veal, (F.) and Mr. Richard Phillips, (F.)
Phillack parish lies about six miles West of Cambourne, and about five miles East of St. Ive's. In this parish is the port of Hayle, in which port is the copper-house belonging to the Cornish copper-company, Messrs. Michell, Trenenen, and Edwards, the chief direction of which is vested in Mr. John Edwards. This company imports prodigious quantities of coal, hemp, timber, iron, &c. for the use of the neighbouring mines, and adjacent country, and exports large quantities of fine copper. Mr. John Edwards has lately erected an elegant house for his residence on the North-west side of the port, almost opposite the copper-works. Near the copper-works a number of good houses are built for the residence of the agents, servants, workmen, and persons in trade, amongst whom are
Harvey Charles, Shopkeeper.
Ninnis William, Shopkeeper and Joiner.
Prideaux Henry, Shopkeeper.
Stevens John, Roper.
Tyack John, Ironmonger.
There is also built at the same place a methodist meeting-house, of a circular form, with the dross, or slagg, taken from the smelting copper. Near the said copper-works is Bodriggey, the seat of Thomas Parminter, Gent. (F.) And about half a mile to the South-west is Penpol, the seat of Richard Oke Millet, Gent. (F.)
About one mile East of the copper-works is the village of Angarrack, and seat of William Tremayne, Gent. who is a proprietor of the smelting-houses in that place, where they smelt great quantities of black tin, and refine it into white. The same village is also the residence of Matthew Tremayne, Gent. (F.) About one mile to the South of Angarrack is Nanpuscah, the residence of Francis Thomas, Gent. (F.) The Rev. William Hocking is rector both of Phillack and Gwithian.
St. Erth parish is about two miles and a half South of Phillack, about five miles North of Marazion, and about five miles and a half South-east of St. Ive's. It is bounded on the North-west by a part of the port of Hayle, and has an elegant bridge across Hayle river, near the churchtown. About half a mile Southwest of the churchtown is Tredrea, the seat of the Rev. Edward Giddy. Also near the churchtown are rolling-mills for flatting fine copper, to any degree of thinness required, for the use of making copper utensils, roofing houses, or any other purpose. They belong to, and are under the direction of, the Cornish copper company. At the Northern extremity of the parish, in an avenue of the port of Hayle, is the foundry, where are cast all kinds of iron and brass utensils, by Mr. John Harvey, who is the proprietor thereof. In the Southern part of the said parish, about seven miles South-west of Cambourne, and about four miles North-east of Marazion, in the great road leading from Cambourne thither, is Gurlin, an elegant villa, the residence of Captain Babb. Treloweth, a tin-smelting house, is one mile West of Hayle river, and six miles North of Penzance, where vast quantities of black-tin are smelted and refined to white. The chief proprietor is William Harris, Esq. of Rosewarne, and the principal agent is Christopher Watkyns.
Extracted from The Universal British Directory of Trade, Commerce, and Manufacture, comprehending Lists of the Inhabitants of London, Westminster, and Borough of Southwark; and of all the Cities, Towns, and principal Villages, in England and Wales; with the Mails, and other Coaches, stage-wagons, Hoys, Packets, and Trading Vessels. To which is added, a genuine Account of the Drawbacks and Duties chargeable at the Custom-House on all Goods and Mechandize, imported, exported, or carried coastwise, with a particular of the Public Offices of every denomination; His Majesty's Court, and Ministers of State; The Peers of the Realm, and Parliament of Great Britain; The Court of Lord Mayor, Sheriffs, Aldermen, and Common-Council, of London; together with an Historical Detail of the Antiquities, Curiosities, Trade, Polity, and Manufacturers, of each City, Town, and Village. The whole comprising a Fund of useful and important Information, equally interesting to the Nobleman, the Gentleman, and Man of Business. Volume the second, compiled by John Wilkes, 1791.